{"id":8898,"date":"2022-07-07T12:56:53","date_gmt":"2022-07-07T11:56:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/arche\/?post_type=tribe_events&#038;eventDate=2022-11-29#038;p=8886"},"modified":"2022-11-23T15:52:23","modified_gmt":"2022-11-23T15:52:23","slug":"language-and-mind-seminar-10-2022-11-29","status":"publish","type":"tribe_events","link":"https:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/arche\/event\/language-and-mind-seminar-10-2022-11-29\/","title":{"rendered":"Language and Mind Seminar | Biancamaria Cepollaro (University Vita-Salute San Raffaele) &#8220;Countering Toxic Speech Online \u2013 A Qualitative Study on Social Media&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\">\n<div>\n<blockquote>\n<div><span class=\"x_ContentPasted1\">Social philosophy of language has recently focused on toxic speech and counterspeech. Roughly, toxic speech is discourse that engages (or incites people to engage) in bigoted practices; counterspeech\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"x_ContentPasted1\" lang=\"en-GB\">is communication that tries to counteract the harm that other speech may bring about.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"x_ContentPasted1\">In this talk, I consider a counterspeech strategy specifically tailored to address\u00a0<i class=\"x_ContentPasted1\">implicit<\/i>\u00a0toxic discourse \u2013 what Langton (2018) calls\u00a0<i class=\"x_ContentPasted1\">blocking<\/i>. In its most paradigmatic examples, blocking amounts to\u00a0<i class=\"x_ContentPasted1\">spelling out<\/i>\u00a0and\u00a0<i class=\"x_ContentPasted1\">challenging<\/i>\u00a0the objectionable contents implicitly conveyed by a given utterance, thus preventing toxic material from entering the common ground by default. First, I\u2019ll illustrate the cognitive and social costs and the drawbacks typically associated with blocking. Then, I\u2019ll consider online conversations and raise the question of whether and how people engage in blocking on social media, in light of its costs, risks, and repercussions. To address this issue, I present the qualitative study I ran on Facebook and Twitter, which resulted in a taxonomy of online blocking, based on real instances from\u00a0ecological contexts. My investigation shows how\u00a0each kind of blocking modulates in a distinctive way the costs and drawbacks usually associated with this practice.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Social philosophy of language has recently focused on toxic speech and counterspeech. Roughly, toxic speech is discourse that engages (or incites people to engage) in&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_tribe_events_status":"","_tribe_events_status_reason":"","_tribe_events_is_hybrid":"","_tribe_events_is_virtual":"","_tribe_events_virtual_video_source":"","_tribe_events_virtual_embed_video":"","_tribe_events_virtual_linked_button_text":"","_tribe_events_virtual_linked_button":"","_tribe_events_virtual_show_embed_at":"","_tribe_events_virtual_show_embed_to":[],"_tribe_events_virtual_show_on_event":"","_tribe_events_virtual_show_on_views":"","_tribe_events_virtual_url":"","footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"tags":[],"tribe_events_cat":[40],"class_list":["post-8898","tribe_events","type-tribe_events","status-publish","hentry","tribe_events_cat-language-and-mind-seminar","cat_language-and-mind-seminar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/arche\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tribe_events\/8898","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/arche\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tribe_events"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/arche\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/tribe_events"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/arche\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/arche\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tribe_events\/8898\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10092,"href":"https:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/arche\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tribe_events\/8898\/revisions\/10092"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/arche\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/arche\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8898"},{"taxonomy":"tribe_events_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/arche\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tribe_events_cat?post=8898"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}